Stair Calculator

Work out steps, riser height, total run and pitch for a staircase.

cm
cm
cm
Number of steps
Actual riser height
Treads (goings)
Total run
Pitch

A design guide. Building codes set limits on riser, tread and pitch — always check the regulations that apply where you are.

Dividing the rise into equal steps

A staircase climbs a fixed floor-to-floor height. The job is to split that into a whole number of equal risers close to a comfortable target, then set the tread depth to give a safe, usable pitch.

steps = round(rise ÷ target riser) · riser = rise ÷ steps · run = (steps − 1) × tread

Because risers must all match, the target you enter is only a starting point — the calculator rounds to a whole number of steps and reports the exact riser height that results.

Worked example

A 280 cm floor-to-floor rise with a target riser near 18 cm gives 16 steps at 17.5 cm each, 15 treads, a 375 cm run at a 25 cm going, and a pitch of about 35°.

Comfortable, safe stairs

Good stairs feel effortless because their proportions suit a natural stride. A classic rule of thumb pairs riser and tread so that two risers plus one tread land around 60–64 cm. Steeper or shallower than the comfort band quickly feels wrong underfoot.

Worth remembering

  • Equal risers, always. Uneven steps are a trip hazard and usually fail inspection.
  • Mind the run. The total horizontal length must fit the space available.
  • Check the code. Local regulations govern limits and headroom.

Frequently asked questions

Why does the riser height get adjusted?
Every riser in a flight must be equal, so the total rise is divided into a whole number of equal steps. The calculator rounds to that whole number and recomputes the exact riser height.
Why is there one fewer tread than risers?
The top step lands on the floor above, so it has no tread of its own. A flight always has one more riser than it has treads.
What are comfortable dimensions?
A common comfort guide is a riser around 17–19 cm (7 in) and a tread (going) around 25–28 cm (10–11 in). Building codes set specific limits, so always check yours.
What is the pitch?
The angle of the staircase from horizontal. Domestic stairs are often around 30–37°; steeper than that becomes tiring and harder to use safely.